天津大气环境效率及影响因素实证分析

Empirical study on evaluation and determinants of atmospheric environmental efficiency of Tianjin

以天津市为研究对象,基于松弛测度的环境SBM-DEA模型,利用各区县面板数据测算2006-2013年天津大气环境效率,并从投入产出变量松弛率和决策单元环境效率变异角度进行分析。结果表明,非期望产出SO2排放过量和资源投入冗余是导致大气环境效率偏低的主要原因。受保障北京奥运大气质量、污染物减排考核、雾霾治理等环境政策影响,区县环境效率差距在2008年到波谷后逐渐扩大,直到2013年才停止。借助Tobit模型对影响因素进行分析,人均GDP和产业结构未通过显著性检验,贸易开放对大气环境效率有显著正向影响。所得评价结果反映被评估城市大气环境治理真实水平,并可为天津市及其他城市治理大气环境提供决策参考。

We measured the atmospheric environmental efficiency in Tianjin based on SBM -DEA model by u- sing panel data of districts and counties from 2006 to 2013, and analyzed the input - output variable relaxation rate and environmental efficiency variation. The results showed that undesirable output excessive and resource in- put redundancy were the main causes for low efficiency of atmospheric environment. Affected by the 2008 Beijing Olympics, the pollutants ＇emission reduced and haze controlled, the regional district environmental efficiency gap dropped to the valley in 2008. After 2008, it didnt stop rising until 2013. Tobit model regression results showed that trade openness had a significant effect on the atmospheric environmental efficiency. However, GDP per capi- ta and the proportion of industry rise had no effect on atmospheric environment efficiency. In addition, the results of the evaluation can also reflect the true level of Tianjin atmospheric environmental governance and provide ref- erence for the government of Tianjin city and other city.