秸秆焚烧污染治理的政策工具选择——基于公共政策学、经济学维度的分析

Selection of the policy tools for straw burning pollution control——According to the analysis of public policy,economics dimension

秸秆焚烧污染具有多重危害,秸秆禁烧困境从公共政策学维度分析在于缺乏可以有效协调各方利益关系的政策规制工具组合,而从经济学维度分析的关键解为如何将农户焚烧秸秆的外部效应内在化,两个分析维度之间具有一定的关系,汇合为两大藩篱:政策工具的组合、秸秆的综合利用。具体解决农作物秸秆焚烧污染治理困境的政策工具选择应从以下三个方面出发:重视经济激励型政策工具、创新命令与控制型政策工具、引入环境自愿型政策工具,且在这三个方面中都渗入了秸秆的综合利用因素。

Straw burning pollution brings multiple hazards ; its dilemma is lack of regulation policy tools to effec- tively coordinate the interests of all parties in the relationship from the public policy dimension analysis, and crit- ical analysis from the economics dimension solution is how to internalize the external effects of burning straw for farmers; There has a certain relationship between the two dimensions of analysis. They could be confluented into two barrier： the comprehensive utilization of straw and the combination of policy tools, The concrete solution for pollution governance dilemma of crop straw burning might come from the following three aspects： the economic incentive policy tools, innovation, command and control policy tools, and the introduction of voluntary environmental policy instruments; and these three respects all be infiltrated the comprehensive utilization of straw.