日粮添加花椒籽粉对蛋鸡生产性能及蛋品质的影响

Effect of Prickly Ash Seed Powder on Production Performance and Egg Quality of Laying Hens

试验旨在探讨蛋鸡饲粮中添加花椒籽粉对蛋鸡生产性能、鸡蛋品质及蛋黄中亚麻酸（ALA）富集效应的影响.选用45周龄海兰褐蛋鸡320只,随机分为4组,每组设4个重复,每个重复20只,Ⅰ组为对照组,饲喂基础日粮,Ⅱ～Ⅳ组为试验组,日粮中分别添加花椒籽粉1％、3％和5％,预试期7d,试验期49 d.结果表明,试验组与对照组相比,平均蛋重、平均日采食量、料蛋比无显著差异（P＞0.05）,Ⅲ和Ⅳ组产蛋率第3、5、7周显著高于对照组（P＜0.05）;平均蛋形指数、蛋壳厚度和蛋壳强度无显著差异（P＞0.05）,Ⅲ和Ⅳ组哈氏单位第21、35、42天显著高于对照组（P＜0.05）,但Ⅲ和Ⅳ组无显著差异（P＞0.05）;各试验组第7天蛋黄中ALA平均含量比对照组显著提高（P＜0.05）,第21、35和49天极显著提高（P＜0.01）,且Ⅲ和Ⅳ组极显著高于Ⅱ组（P＜0.01）,Ⅲ和Ⅳ组无显著差异（P＞0.05）.结果提示,饲粮中添加花椒籽粉可以提高蛋鸡产蛋率、改善鸡蛋品质和增加蛋黄中ALA的含量,添加量以3％为宜.

This experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of prickly ash seed powder on production performance, egg quality and Alpha-linolenic acid （ALA） enrichment in egg yolk of laying hens. Three hundred and twenty Hyline Brown hens at 45 weeks with similar egg production were randomly divided into 4 groups with 4 replicates per group and 20 hens per replicate. Hens in group I （control group）were fed a basal diet and experimental groups （group Ⅱ, Ⅲ and Ⅳ）were fed the basal diets supplemented with 1%,3% and 5% prickly ash seed powder, respectively. The experiment lasted for 8 weeks after pre-trial period of 7 days. The results showed as follows：（1）In the whole experiment period, there were no significant differences in average egg weight, average daily feed intake and feed/egg ratio among all groups （P〉0.05）,while the laying rate of group Ⅲ and Ⅳ during 3 to 8 weeks was higher than that of group [ （P〈0.05）. There were no significant differences in the egg shape index,eggshell thickness and eggshell strength among all groups （P〉0.05）. From 21st day, Haugh unit of group Ⅲ and IV were significantly higher than that in the control group （P〈0.05）,while there was no significant difference between group Ⅲ and Ⅳ （P〉0.05）. Compared with the control group,the average content of ALA in egg yolk on 7th day of experimental groups increased significantly （P〈0.05）,which was on the 21st,35th and 49th day improved extremely significantly （P〈0.01）, and that in group Ⅲ and IV was significantly higher than that in group Ⅱ（P〈0.01）,while there were no significant difference between group Ⅲ and Ⅳ （P〉0.05）. The results indicated that the supplementation of prickly ash seed powder could improve production performance, egg quality and content of ALA in egg yolk of laying hens, and 3% addition amount was found to be optimal.