滇池浮游植物群落特征及与环境因子的典范对应分析

Canonical correspondence analysis of relationship between characteristics of phytoplankton community and environmental factors in Dianchi Lake

2013年3、5、7和11月对滇池浮游植物群落进行监测,共检出浮游植物6门31属,主要由绿藻门、蓝藻门、硅藻门组成.浮游植物平均丰度值7482×10-4 cells/L,3月绿藻门占优势,优势种为栅藻;5、7、11月均以蓝藻门占优势,优势种均为微囊藻.对31属浮游植物与10个环境因子的关系进行典范对应分析（Canonical Correspondence Analysis,CCA）,结果表明：电导率、DO、TN、TP、COD_（Mn）是影响滇池浮游植物分布的主要环境因子.蓝藻能适应较高氮磷营养盐,还受到电导率、COD_（Mn）、DO、pH值影响;绿藻能适应高的水温、pH值和COD_（Mn）,同时受到氮磷营养盐、DO、电导率的影响;硅藻能适应高的pH值、COD_（Mn）,还受到氮磷营养盐、水温、DO、电导率的影响.

Phytoplankton community of Dianchi Lake were investigated in March,May,July and November,2013.Totally 6 phyla,31 genera of phytoplankton were identified which were mainly composed of Chlorophyta,Cyanophyta and Bacillariophyta.The average phytoplankton abundance was 7482×10-4 cells/L.The Chlorophyta was the primary species,and which the Scenedesmus was dominating species in March.However,the Cyanophya dominated by the Microcystis was the primary species in May,July and November.The results of canonical correspondence analysis for the relationship between 31 genera of phytoplankton and 10 environmental factors showed that the conductivity,dissolved oxygen（DO）,total nitrogen（TN）,total phosphorus（TP）,and permanganate indexes（COD_（Mn）） were found to be main environmental factors effecting the distribution characteristics of phytoplankton community.Furthermore,the Cyanophyta was found to tolerate the higher concentration of nitrogen and phosphorus nutrients,and it could also be affected by the conductivity,permanganate indexes,dissolved oxygen and pH.The Chlorophyta could not only accommodate to the higher pH,water temperature and permanganate indexes,but also be affected by concentration of nitrogen and phosphorus nutrients,dissolved oxygen and conductivity.The Bacillariophyta could adapt to higher pH and permanganate indexes,and also be affected by concentration of nitrogen and phosphorus nutrients,water temperature,dissolved oxygen and conductivity.