两种断根嫁接方法对西瓜幼苗成活率及生长的影响

Effects of two root-removed grafting methods on survival rate and growth of watermelon seedlings

【目的】分析砧木断根嫁接的西瓜幼苗成活率及质量,为培育西瓜健壮幼苗提供参考依据。【方法】以瓠瓜作砧木,采用劈接法、插接法与砧木不断根、断根组合成常规劈接、断根劈接、常规插接及断根插接4个处理嫁接西瓜,测定不同处理西瓜幼苗的嫁接成活率、生长指标和生理指标,分析断根嫁接法的优势。【结果】砧木断根嫁接的西瓜幼苗成活率在88.6%以上,极显著高于未断根嫁接的成活率(P<0.01,下同);断根插接幼苗的茎粗、茎粗/株高及根系活力均极显著高于常规插接;断根劈接幼苗的最大叶面积显著大于常规劈接(P<0.05)。【结论】砧木断根嫁接培育的西瓜苗成活率较高,生长、生理指标较优,嫁接苗生长健壮,可在生产上推广应用。

【Objective】The effects of root-removed grafting treatments on survival rate and quality of watermelon seedling were studied, in order to provide references for cultivating healthy and strong watermelon seedling. 【Method】The insertion grafting, insertion grafting, and root-removed or non-root-removed rootstock were combined into 4 grafting methods viz. conventional cleft grafting, root-removed cleft grafting, conventional insertion grafting and root-removed insertion grafting. And taking bottle gourd as rootstock, the field experiment was conducted using above 4 grafting methods. Meawhile, the survival rate, growth and physiological indexes of grafted seedlings were determined, so as to analyze advantages of root-removed grafting. 【Result】The survival rate of root-removed grafting seedlings was up to 88.6%,and extremely significantly higher than that of non-root-removed grafting seedlings（P〈0.01, the same below）. Furthermore,the stem diameter, stem diameter/plant height ratio and root activity of root-removed insertion grafting seedlings were significantly higher than those of conventional insertion grafting seedlings（P〈0.05）. 【Conclusion】The root-removed grafting watermelon seedlings show higher survival rate and better growth and physiological indexes, and grow well. Therefore, the root-removed grafting method can be applied in production.