泥鳅二倍体和四倍体及其正反交F_1的胚胎发育特征观察

Observation of Embryonic Development Characteristics of Diploid,Tetraploid and Their F_1 in Reciprocal Crosses in Misgurnus anguillicaudatus

为泥鳅多倍体育种及新品种的培育提供参考,在水温为(26±0.5)℃条件下,对泥鳅(Misgurnus anguillicaudatus)二倍体、四倍体及其正反交F1的胚胎发育过程及发育特征进行观察比较。结果表明:二倍体、四倍体、正交F1和反交F1受精卵分别经过26.18h、25.78h、26.52h和26.72h孵化出膜,其发育过程和发育时序基本相同,受精发育经过卵裂前期、卵裂期、囊胚期、原肠胚期、神经胚期、器官形成期、孵化出膜期等阶段,各发育分期除发育时间不同外,其发育特征和发育分期没有明显差异。二倍体、四倍体初孵仔鱼体长分别为(2.56±0.121)mm和(3.145±0.277)mm,仔鱼形态差别不大;正交F1仔鱼和二倍体仔鱼的形态特征基本相同,反交F1和四倍体仔鱼基本相同。

The embryonic development process and characteristics of diploid,tetraploid and their F1 in reciprocal crosses in M.anguillicaudatus were observed and compared at water temperature of（26 0.5）℃to provide a reference for polyploidy breeding and new variety breeding of M.anguillicaudatus.Results：The hatching time of fertilized eggs of diploid,tetraploid,positive cross F1 and reciprocal cross F1is26.18 h,25.78 h,26.52 hand 26.72 hrespectively and their development process and development time sequence are the same basically.The fertilization and embryonic development process of diploid,tetraploid,positive cross F1 and reciprocal cross F1 includes early cleavage stage,cleavage stage,blastula stage,gastrula stage,neurula stage,organ formulation stage and hatching stage and there are no obvious differences in the development characteristics and stages among diploid,tetraploid,positive cross F1 and reciprocal cross F1 except different time in development stages.The body length of diploid and tetraploid newly hatched larvae is（2.56 0.121）mm and（3.145 0.277）mm respectively,which indicates that there is no obvious difference in newly hatched larvae between diploid and tetraploid.The morphological characteristics of larva fish of positive cross F1 is similar to diploid larva fish but the morphological characteristics of larva fish of reciprocal cross F1 is similar to tetraploid larva fish.