贵阳市红枫湖饮用水源保护区的农业面源污染分析

Agricultural Non-point Source Pollution in Dinking Water Protection Area of Hongfeng Lake,Guiyang

为红枫湖面源污染防治提供科学依据,在对湖区农村人口、土地类型和畜禽养殖规模等调查的基础上,结合第一次全国污染源普查城镇生活产排系数、畜禽排泄系数及氮肥和磷肥流失率计算方法,研究红枫湖饮用水源保护区的农业面源污染情况。结果表明:2013年红枫湖水源保护区内,各污染源对红枫湖水质污染的贡献率为畜禽养殖>农村生活>农田化肥。通过分析得出,在红枫湖面源污染中,畜禽养殖污染源是红枫湖农业面源污染的主要来源,对水环境中CODCr、TP和NH3-N贡献率超过50%;农村生活污染源是农业面源污染的重要来源,对CODCr和NH3-N贡献率分别为43.49%和46.69%;农田化肥污染源对TN和TP的贡献率高于农村生活污染源(25.87%和6.75%),为33.76%和27.71%。应加强水源保护区面源污染的治理,从源头上控制污染。

The agricultural non-point source pollution in Drinking Water Protection Area of Hongfeng Lake was investigated by the production and discharge coefficient of rural life, excretion coefficient of livestock and poultry, and wastage rate of nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizer based on survey results of rural population, land type and livestock breeding scale in Drinking Water Protection Area of Hongfeng Lake to provide the scientific basis for control of non-point source pollution in Drinking Water Protection Area of Hongfeng Lake. Results. The contribution rate of different pollution sources to water pollution of Hongfeng Lake was livestock and poultry breeding〉 rural life〉chemical fertilizer in Drinking Water Protection Area of Hongfeng Lake in 2013. The pollution source from livestoek and poultry breeding is main source to cause agricultural non-point source pollution and its contribution rate to CODcr, TP and NH3-N in water environment is over 50%. The pollution source from rural life is the important source to cause agricultural non-point source pollution and its contribution rate to CODc~ and NH3-N in water environment is 43. 49 ~fro and 46. 69~/00 respectively. The contribution rate of chemical fertilizer pollution source to TN and TP in water environment is 33.76o//oo and 27.71~//00, 7.89% and 20.96% higher than rural life pollution source separately.