陇南市牲畜粪便污染评价

Pollution Evaluation of Livestock Manure in Longnan City

为科学有效治理畜禽粪便污染,促进畜禽养殖产业和环境保护事业的协调可持续发展提供参考,以甘肃省陇南市为例,测算其2001—2010年9个县区的牲畜粪便产生量、粪便中污染物的等标排放量与耕地对粪便污染的负荷值和警报值,评价牲畜粪便对水体和耕地的污染水平。结果表明:陇南市牲畜粪便对耕地的整体污染程度较轻,其中,徽县和两当县的耕地环境已受威胁,应缩减牲畜养殖规模;西和县未受到威胁,牲畜养殖业具有一定的发展空间;其余县区稍受威胁。礼县的水体环境受牲畜粪便污染的程度最大,武都区次之,两当县最小;牛,特别是牛尿中污染物对水体的污染程度最大,猪次之,羊最小;牲畜粪便污染物中,TN对水体的污染最大,TP次之,COD最小。

The livestock manure amount of nine counties, Longman City, Gansu Province from 2001 to 2010 was calculated. Then the water and farmland pollution level was evaluated by the equivalent standard discharge amount of pollutants in livestock manure and farmland pollution loading and alarm value to scientifically and effectively control pollution of livestock and poultry manure and provide a reference for the harmonious and sustainable development of livestock and poultry breeding industry and environmental protection. Results. The overall pollution degree of livestock manure to farmland is slighter. The livestock breeding scale in Hui and Liangdang Counties should decrease because livestock manure pollution threats the farmland environment. The livestock breeding industry in Xihe County still has a certain development space because livestock manure does not pollute the farmland environment. The livestock manure pollution threats other counties slightly. The pollution level of water environment in Li County and Liangdang County is the maximum and minimum respectively. The water pollution degree of different livestock manure is cattle〉 pig〉 sheep. The water pollution degree of pollutants in livestock manure is TN〉 TP〉COD.