禁牧对中度退化伊犁绢蒿荒漠植被特征的影响

Effects of Grazing Exclusion on Vegetation Characteristics in Moderately Degraded Desert Grasslands of Seriphidium transiliense

为探究草地植物群落和植物生态经济类群对禁牧的响应,研究了不同禁牧年限(禁牧时间为0年、1年、4年、11年)对伊犁绢蒿荒漠草地群落特征、物种多样性以及生态经济类群演变特征的影响。结果表明,随着禁牧年限的增加,伊犁绢蒿种群的高度、盖度、生物量呈增加趋势,种群密度呈先升后降再升的波动变化;群落的高度、生物量呈增加趋势,密度呈先减后增再减的波动变化;Simpson指数、Shannon-Wiener指数、Pielou指数呈先降后增再降的波动变化,而Patrick指数总体呈下降趋势;半灌木的优势度呈先增后降再升的波动变化。总之,适当的禁牧有利于中度退化伊犁绢蒿荒漠草地恢复。

In order to explore the response to grazing exclusion on grassland community and plant ecoeconomic groups,the community characteristics,diversity and its eco-economic groups of Seriphidium transiliense desert grassland under different grazing exclusion times（including 0year,1year,4year and11year）were studied.The results showed that the height,coverage and biomass of S.transiliense was increased with increasing grazing exclusion years,but the density showed the fluctuation of＂up-down-up＂.The community height and biomass was increased while its density presented the trend of＂down-up-down＂with the increase of grazing exclusion period.Simpson index,diversity index and evenness index of communities decreased first then increased and decreased along with grazing exclusion period increasing,species richness index showed an gradually decreasing trend,and the sub-shrub showed the fluctuation of up then down and up.In a word,appropriate grazing exclusion was helpful to recovery of S.transiliense desert under moderate degradation.