居家癌症患者主要照顾者的社会支持现状及相关因素分析

Analysis of social support status and related factors of primary caregivers of cancer patients at home

目的:分析居家癌症患者主要照顾者的社会支持现状及相关因素。方法:采用自行设计的一般资料问卷和社会支持评定量表,分别对130名居家癌症患者主要照顾者进行问卷调查。结果:居家癌症患者主要照顾者的社会支持得分为(41.84±7.55)分,高于全国一般水平(P<0.01)。单因素方差分析显示:有配偶照顾者的客观支持、主观支持和社会支持总分均高于无配偶者(P<0.05);在职照顾者的主观支持和社会支持总分均高于无业或退休者(P<0.05);大学及以上学历照顾者的客观支持和社会支持总分均高于初中及以下学历的照顾者(P<0.05);月收入>1 000元的照顾者的社会支持总分和主观支持得分均高于月收入<1 000元者(P<0.05)。结论:居家癌症患者主要照顾者的总体社会支持状况较好,但不同人群的社会支持水平存在差异,临床工作者应积极开展各种支持性服务,以保障弱势群体的社会支持水平。

Objective： To analyze the current situation of social support and related factors of primary caregivers of cancer patients at home. Methods： A self- designed questionnaire was used to conduct a survey on 130 primary caregivers of cancer patients at home. Re- suits ： The social support scores of the primary caregivers of cancer patients at home were 41.84± 7.55 points and they were higher than the national average level l P 〈 0.01 } ; the single factor analysis of variance showed that the total scores of objective support, subjective support and social support of the patients with spouse as caregivers were higher than those patients whose caregivers who were not spouse （ P 〈 0.05 ） ; the total score of subjective support and social support of on - the - job caregivers were higher than those who had no job or retired （ P 〈0.05 ） ; the total scores of objective support and social support of caregivers with bachelor degree or above were significantly higher than those with junior high school or below（ P 〈0.05 ） ; the total scores of subjective support and social support of caregivers whose monthly income was more than 1000 Yuan were higher than those whose monthly income was less than 1000 Yuan （P 〈0.05 ）. Conclu- sion ： The overall social support of primary caregivers of cancer patients at home is good, but the social support level is different in different groups, therefore clinicians should actively provide various support services to ensure the social support level for the vulnerable group.