金花茶的濒危机制及保育对策

Endangering Mechanism and Conservative Strategies of Camellia nitidissima Chi

金花茶(Camellia nitidissima Chi)濒危的内因主要是由于其进化潜能低及对光强适应范围窄,使得种群扩散难、结实率下降和自然条件下种子转化为幼苗的效率降低;外因主要是人类对环境的破坏和对资源的掠夺式开发利用。本文系统总结金花茶濒危现状及原因,并提出保育对策:保护金花茶生存的生态系统,加强现有保护区的管理和建立新的保护区;积极开展迁地保护、回归引种和应用人工栽培技术扩大其种群等。

The internal endangered reason of Camellia nitidissima Chi is the reduction of evolutionary potential and adaptation of narrow range of light intensity,which directly result in population diffusion,low seed setting rate and low conversion rate for seed growing to seedlings under natural environment.The external factor of C.nitidissimais the destruction of the environment,and the exploitation and utilization of resources.We systematically summarized endangered status and reasons,and stated the protection strategy including ecosystem protection,strengthening management of natural reserve,establishment of new natural reserve,ex-situ conservation,regression introduction,expanding population through artificial cultivation,and etc.