人工栽培蛹虫草致病木霉的鉴定及生物学特性分析

Identification and Biological Analysis on Pathogenic Trichoderma from Cultivated Cordyceps militaris

为鉴定人工栽培蛹虫草致病木霉的种类,从被木霉侵染的人工栽培蛹虫草培养料中分离获得-株木霉CCBH-M1,经感染试验确定其致病性.通过对其进行形态学鉴定及ITS 序列系统发育分析,确定该木霉菌株为深绿木霉Trichoderma atroviride Karsten.通过单因素试验对该致病菌的生物学特性进行分析,结果表明： 温度、pH 值及培养料含水量对该深绿木霉生长均有显著影响（p〈0.05）,其适宜生长温度为24-32,适宜生长pH 值为5.0-7.0,培养基适宜含水量为50%-70%.可见,蛹虫草栽培过程中,在不影响蛹虫草生长的情况下,将温度、pH值和含水量三个因素分别控制在24以下、7.0-7.5 及75%-80%范围内,可有效抑制致病深绿木霉的发生.

For identifying pathogenic Trichoderma species from cultivated Cordyceps militaris, strain CCBH-M1 was isolated from culture materials. The pathogenicity was determined by infection experiment. The morphological characteristics and phylogenetic analysis by ITS sequence showed that strain CCBH-M1 was Trichoderma atroviride Karsten. The optimum range of temperature, p H value and culture medium water content of T. atroviride were determined as 24-32℃, pH 5.0-7.0 and water content of 50%-70% respectively. These three factors significantly influenced the growth of strain CCBH-M1(P<0.05). To inhibit T. atroviride growth, the temperature should be controlled below 24℃, pH value between 7.0-7.5 and culture medium water content between 50-70% in cultivated process of Cordyceps militaris.