提孜那甫河流域冬季牲畜宿营地环境特征遥感分析

The analysis of environmental characteristics about the winter cattle camp in the Tizinafu River using remote sensing technology

冬季牲畜宿营地是游牧过程中牲畜和人共同休憩的场所。以提孜那甫河流域为研究区,通过解译Landsat8 OLI影像,提取冬季牲畜宿营地地理信息,探究山区冬牧场的优劣及牧民的生活生存条件。结果表明,研究区冬季牲畜宿营地共708处,平均面积9 543 m^2,多分布在海拔较高的山脊,坡度平缓,坡向向南或西,草地类型以合头草(Sympegma regelii)荒漠与高山绢蒿(Seriphidium rhodanthum)草原化荒漠为主;冬季牲畜宿营地积雪时长较短,融雪不易保存,距离水源水平距离和高差均较大,取水困难;冬季牲畜宿营地生活条件艰苦,冬季温度较低,燃料匮乏,距离居民点路途遥远,道路崎岖难行,大部分地区无通讯信号覆盖。

Nomadic cattle camp is the common rest area by livestock and people. Taking the Tizinafu River watershed as study area,the nomadic cattle camp area was extracted by interpreting Landsat8 OLI images,in order to explore the merits of the mountain pasture and the living conditions of herders. The results showed that： 1） 708 cattle camps were maily located in ridge of high altitude,where the slope is gentle,and aspect mainly south and westward,and the grassland are Sympegma regelii desert and alpine Seriphidium rhodanthum stepp desert. The average area of cattle camps is 9543 m2. The main livestock is Yecheng sheep; 2） The wintercattle camp is located in the area where the snow period is short. The snow melt water is hard to reserve,and the distance and height difference to water source are long and big.3） The living conditions of winter cattle camp is tough,the temperature is low,fuel is shortage,and far away from residential areas,the transportation is rugged and difficult,and most area is no communication signal covered.