微球栓塞剂对Beagle犬肾动脉栓塞的病理学观察

Histopathological observation of renal arterial embolization with microspheres in beagle dog

目的采用微球栓塞剂建立犬肾动脉栓塞模型,评价对犬单侧肾动脉栓塞效果及局部组织观察。方法实验动物为8条beagle犬,试验分为栓塞后即刻、4周、12周、26周四组,每组2只,选择自身对照,分别为微球栓塞组和正常对照组。首先利用微球栓塞剂全部进行左肾动脉栓塞,分别于栓塞后即刻、4周、12周、26周肾动脉造影与DSA复查肾脏栓塞后变化,随后处死实验动物,对肾脏进行病理组织学观察。结果肉眼大体病理观察:被栓塞肾脏的大小与对侧肾脏相比较,栓塞后4周、12周、26周的肾脏逐渐变小,随着被栓塞时间的延长,变小的程度越明显;被栓塞肾脏的颜色变浅、不均匀;被栓塞肾脏的表面逐渐不光滑、凹凸不平,肾被膜不易分离。光镜观察表现:栓塞后4周、12周、26周;弓状动脉小分支内仍可见微球充填,动脉壁呈玻璃样变,动脉周围纤维化;随着被栓塞时间的延长,早期肾组织可见多种退行性变化如萎缩、变性、陈旧性肾梗死表现;后期可见肾组织的多种进行性变化如肾小管再生、肉芽组织形成及改建等病理变化。但是,栓塞侧肾脏仍可见近乎正常的肾小球、肾小管结构。结论微球栓塞剂对犬单侧肾动脉具有明确的栓塞效果。

Objective To evaluate the efficacy and renal histopathological observation,microsphere was used as an embolic agent for unilateral renal artery. Methods Eight beagle dogs are included in this study. According to the experimental design,eight beagle dogs were randomly divided into 4 groups with each group 2 dogs. At the first,fourth,twelfth and twenty-sixth week after embolization,Each dog was divided into embolization group and normal control group by self-control. The left renal arteries were selected as the target organs for embolization with microspheres. Two dogs were chosen for the examination of angiography and DSA to observe the change of the embolized kidneys,respectively. Then the dogs were sacrificed and histological evaluation of the embolized kidneys was performed. Results Gross examination showed the size of the kidney was gradually smaller than the contralateral kidney at the fourth,twelfth and twenty-sixth week after embolization. The kidney was light colored,uneven. The surface of the kidney was gradually rough,uneven. Renal capsule was hard to separated from the kidney. Light microscopy showed that microspheres may still be seen in the smallbranches of arcuate artery at the fourth,twelfth and twenty-sixth week after embolization. Arterial wall hyaline,peripheral arterial fibrosis. With the time of embolism extended,A variety of degenerative changes such as atrophy,degeneration,renal infarction can be seen in the early stage; Many progressive changes such as renal tubule regeneration,granulation tissue and remodeling and other pathological changes can be seen in later stage. There is almost normal glomerulus and renal tubule structure in the embolismic kidney. Conclusions Microsphere has an specific effect of embolization on unilateral renal artery.