《庄子》抒情传统的后代回响

The Echoes of Emotive Writing Tradition in Zhuang Zi in the Later Generations

本文旨在申述《庄子》文本中"情"的议题及其在后世的延续。魏晋之际,面对汉儒割裂情性的二元框架,以王弼、嵇康为代表的玄学家,祖述老庄、精论情旨,将"情"的议题由哲学上的未显题扩展至显题化,成就了中国人性论史上"一往情深"的时代。北宋时期,以王安石、苏轼为代表的思想家,统合儒道,考辨情性,将《庄子》"性情不离"的论题诉诸理性的再解读,与南宋程朱学派"尊性黜情"的思想形成鲜明对照,进而昭示出北宋哲学对先秦道家的接续与回应。归根结底,这是《庄子》"安所困苦哉"的生命感怀及其天人视角的整体性思维,为文明传统注入了绵延不绝的抒情血脉。

This essay aims at describing the theme of qing and the influence of this domain of thought on later generations and their continued discussion of it. Faced with a forcible divorce of qing and xing at the hand of Han Dynasty Ruists,the Wei and Jin period saw authors such as Wang Bi and Ji Kang return to a more faithful rendering of the theme of qing in the classics,the Lao Zi and Zhuang Zi,seeing it become an ever more explicit philosophical topic and beginning a lengthy period of discussion of the theme of qing. In the Northern Song period,representative thinkers Wang An-shi and Su Shi constitute a continuance of Pre-qin Daoist philosophical ideas,providing a logical reinterpretation of the indivisibility of qing and xing from a syncretist approach to the Daoist and Ruist traditions. At the bottom of it,this continued tradition draws from themes that appear in the Zhuang Zi,a holistic approach to life and the relationship between humanity and nature,an important and continuous thread in the fabric of human civilisation.