论尼采对身体主体性及其理性范式的确立

On the Establishment of Nietzsche's Body Subjectivity and Rational Paradigm

黑格尔与尼采关于主体性的论断,无疑成为人们判定传统、现代与后现代关系的节点。如果仅将二者的主体性思想聚焦于形式上的对抗,而不进行哲学史的梳理,则既有可能重蹈历史虚无主义的覆辙,还会使二者否定之否定的思想脉络断裂为现代主义与后现代主义据理抗争的渊薮。但是,倘若将其置于现代性自我确证的语境之下,以现代形而上学主体性的理性范式转换为视角,便不难发现,首先,正是经由尼采基于体现生命主体性的酒神精神及其强力意志的形上赋义,而使这种主体性精神逐渐超越了历史主义、浪漫主义、悲观主义、经验主义等各种(后)现代主义的主体性原则,进而清晰地再现了二者之间的思想运动轨迹。其次,正是蕴涵于尼采生命形上学中的主体性精神及其身体理性范式,不但表征着现代形而上学主体性原则及其理性范式的转换与完成,而且在身体现象学对于意识现象学的反思与超越中,表征着现象学与方法论的转换与完成。最后,正是尼采这种基于现代形而上学主体性的身体理性范式的身体现象学,既整合了西方哲学史上经验、理性与信仰的偏执与独断,又整合了传统、现代及后现代的分野与断裂,进而彰显了其消弭现代性与后现代性张力的重大理论和现实意义。

Nietzsche's giving metaphysical meaning to the life subjectivity based on Dionysian spirit and strong will,which transcended layer by layer the variety of( post) modernist's subjectivity principle, and clearly represented the trajectories between Hegel and Nietzsche's subjectivity idea. It is the life metaphysical subjectivity and body rational paradigm that were established,which not only characterized the transformation and accomplishment of modern metaphysical subjectivity principle and rational paradigm,but also marked the conversion and completion of phenomenon and methodology. It is the body phenomenon that integrated the paranoid and arbitrary between experience,reason and faith in western philosophy history,and the division and fracture between tradition,modern and post-modern.