寒区条垛式和槽式堆肥工艺的比较研究

Comparison between Windrow Composting and Trough Type Composting in Cold Region

条垛式堆肥和槽式堆肥属于开放式堆肥系统,被广泛应用于畜禽粪便的堆肥中。为了筛选出适合寒区的堆肥模式,比较了寒区普遍采用的条垛式和槽式堆肥的堆肥效果和堆肥化过程中温室气体排放。结果显示,在相同翻堆条件下,条垛式堆肥和槽式堆肥的堆体温度分别在第2 d和第10 d达到50℃,维持时间分别为22 d和1 d。堆肥初始C/N为25∶1,堆肥结束,C/N分别为18.4∶1和20.0∶1。条式堆肥CO2的排放量与槽式堆肥相差不大,但是NH3的排放量约为槽式堆肥的4倍。从腐熟度和营养含量角度比较,条垛式堆肥效果优于槽式堆肥。

Windrow composting and trough type composting belong to open systems,which are widely used in animal manure treatment. In order to get the optimum composting process in cold region,windrow composting and trough type composting were compared, and the maturity and emission of greenhouse gas were analyzed during composting process. The results showed that time of compost pile temperature was to 50 ~C were at 2 day and 10 day after treatment,and the duration of over 50 ~C of pile temperature was kept 22 days and 1 day under windrow eomposting and trough composting, respectively. The initial C/N of eomposting pile was 25.0,and the C/N was 18.4 and 20.0 at the end of the composting under windrow composting and trough type composting, respectively. The total emissions of CO2 were similar under two types of composting process. However,the total NH3 emission of windrow composting was nearly four times of trough type composting during composting. The windrow eomposting process was better than trough type eomposting by comparison between maturity and nutrition content.