地基激光辐照近地轨道小尺度空间碎片作用规律研究

Research on action rules of ground-based laser irradiating small scale space debris in LEO

通过研究脉冲激光与铝靶碎片的膨胀运动以及冲量耦合的相互作用,仿真分析了铝靶碎片在等离子体作用下的速度和压力时空分布规律以及冲量耦合系数与激光功率密度之间的定量关系;在此基础上,建立了基于地基的脉冲激光辐照近地轨道小尺度空间碎片动力学变轨仿真模型,模拟研究了近地轨道小尺度空间碎片移除过程中轨道偏心率与近地点高度随激光脉冲数目变化的影响规律。结果表明:在最优冲量耦合系数作用下,当脉冲数目达到180次轨道偏心率为0.071时,基于此文的条件可实现近地轨道小尺度空间碎片的有效移除。预期成果可为高能激光移除近地空间碎片技术的应用提供技术指导。

The effect of expansion moving and impulse coupling in pulse laser and aluminum target debris were investigated, the spatial and temporal distribution rules of velocity and pressure in aluminum target debris and plasma were analyzed by numerical simulation, and the quantitative relation of impulse coupling coefficient and laser power densities was also discussed. Further, a dynamic deorbit model of ground-based pulse laser irradiating small scale space debris in low earth orbit （LEO） was established, and the effects of orbital eccentricity and perigee altitude with different number of pulses were simulated in the process of removing small scale space debris in LEO. The results indicate that the small scale space debris in LEO could be deorbited availably by optimal impulse coupling coefficient when the number of pulses was 180 times, orbital eccentricity was 0.071 based on the condition of this paper. The prospective achievements can provide technical guidance for the application of high power laser removing space debris in LEO.