刍议当代西方公共服务市场化改革

Discussion on Contemporary Western Public Service Market Reform

公共服务市场化改革的目的是把竞争机制引入公共服务领域,盘活公共资产,优化资源配置,实现公共服务的有效供给。公共产品理论、公共选择理论、新公共管理理论和公共治理理论等都对西方公共服务市场化改革起到了重要的理论支持作用,而政府危机、信息技术革命、经济社会进步和全球一体化等则是这场改革的现实推动因素。西方公共服务市场化改革基本可以归结为建立公与私、公与公、私与私三个层面的竞争,其改革结果喜忧参半,从而警示我国在今后的市场化改革构想中必须深思熟虑、注重扬弃、审慎地走一条符合中国经济社会发展需求、富有特色的公共服务市场化改革之路。

The purpose of marketization reform of public service is to introduce competitive mechanism into public services,efficiently use public assets,optimize the allocation of resources and achieve effective supply of public services. Theory of public goods,public choice theory,new public management theory and the theory of public governance etc. have played an important role in the support of Western market-oriented reform of public service. Government crisis,the revolution in information technology,economic,social progress and global integration are all the realistic driving factors of this reform. Western market- oriented reforms of basic public services can be attributed to competitions of three levels between： public and private,public and private and public and private. The results of the reform are mixed,thereby warning of market- oriented reforms in the future must be well thought,focusing on sublation,cautiously committed to further distinctive public service marketization reform which can meet the demand of Chinese economic and social development