政府决策与邻避运动:公共项目决策中的社会稳定风险触发机制及改进方向

Government Policy Process and the NIMBY Movement: The Triggering Mechanism of Social Stability Risk on Public Projects and Approaches to Improvement

越来越多的公共设施项目遭遇"邻避"困境,造成潜在的社会稳定风险。多数研究关注邻避设施及邻避运动,而缺乏对政府及其政策过程的细致考察。论文考察了北京市某垃圾焚烧项目的决策、建设和运营过程,分析该项目的社会稳定风险触发机制。研究结论指出,政府自身的决策及监管行为是触发公共项目"邻避"困境的重要原因,应当转变以往以项目为中心的风险控制策略,建立以政府为中心的主动管理模式和动态实时的、全项目周期的社会稳定风险管理系统。

In recent years,Chinese government projects in local communities have increasingly encountered 'NIMBY ' movements, which potentially create significant risks to social stability. Most existing research focuses on the projects and the NIMBY social movements themselves, without carefully investigating the government and its policy- making and implementation process. This paper uses a Beijing garbage incineration project to explore the entire process of project decision- making,construction and operation,and thereby identifies the mechanisms that triggered social stability risks. We find that the government's decision- making and regulation processes were themselves major triggers of the project's NIMBY movement. Accordingly, the existing project- centered risk management system should be replaced by a government- centered,real- time,whole life- cycle system of risk management.