混流式水轮机轴向水推力的模型试验研究

Model Test Study for Axial Hydraulic Thrust of France Turbine

为了研究试验工况及试验条件对混流式水轮机模型转轮轴向水推力的影响,特别是对用于模型和原型之间进行换算的单位轴向水动力的影响,采用静态压力传感器测量模型转轮各部分的受力,并将转轮作为一个控制体的理论分析方法,通过改变试验水头、空化系数、导叶开度、单位转速等试验参数的方式进行了模型试验。试验结果表明:转轮各部分受力相对于初始试验条件基本上呈线性变化;而转轮各部分的单位受力均与单位转速无关,但与其他试验条件有关。当空化系数不变时,单位轴向水动力不随试验水头变化,从试验的角度验证了轴向力水动力从模型到原型相似换算是合理的。

In order to study test operation and test condition having influence on the axial hydraulic thrust of france turbine runner, especially on the unit axial hydrodynamic which can be used to transpose be- tween model and prototype, we use static pressure transducers to measure the component of forces for run- ner and consider the runner as a control volume to analyze theoretically. And model tests were performed in the different conditions such as test head, cavitation coefficient, guide vane opening and unit speed and so on. Test results show that the changes of component of axial forces for runner along with initial test condition were basically linear, and all of the unit forces depend on the test condition except for unit speed. As the cavltation coefficient was constant, the unit axial hydrodynamic have nothing to do with the test head. Thus, it is verified from the test view that the transposition of axial hydrodynamic from model to prototype is reasonable.