健康教育对肝硬化患者家庭生活质量的影响

The Impact of Health Education on the Family Life Quality of Patients with Cirrhosis

目的探讨对肝硬化失代偿期患者及其家属实施健康教育干预,对患者家庭生活质量和心理状况、用药依从性及再住院率的影响。方法选择2012年12月-2013年12月肝硬化失代偿期患者100例,随机分为2组,每组各50例。出院前1周进行全面的护理评估并制订出院护理方案,两组患者均给予常规健康教育、延续护理,出院后对患者随访6个月,试验组同时对患者家属实施出院前及出院后同步健康教育、延续护理干预。分析两组患者的心理状况、生活质量、用药依从性及再住院率,比较差异有无统计学意义。结果两组对象的焦虑和抑郁均得到改善,两组在干预后比较试验组患者的心理状况及生活质量总分较对照组明显改善,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。干预后6个月,试验组用药依从性高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);试验组再住院率低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论对肝硬化失代偿期患者家属同步实施健康教育干预、延续护理,能有效改善患者的心理状况,提高用药依从性,降低再住院率,有效提高了患者的家庭生活质量。

Objective To discuss the impact of health education for the patients with decompensated cirrhosis and their family members on patients＇ family life quality, psychological conditions, medication compliance, and re-admission rates. Methods We selected 100 decompensated cirrhosis patients between December 2012 and December 2013, and randomized them into two groups with 50 patients in each. One week prior to discharge, we conducted a comprehensive nursing assessment for the patients and developed hospital care regimen. Patients were followed up after discharge for six months. The control group underwent routine health education and extended care, while the experimental group had an addition of health education and extended care intervention on their family members. Results Anxiety and depression were alleviated in both the two groups. The psychological conditions of patients in the experimental group were significantly better than the control group（P〈0.01）. The total scores of quality of life was significantly different compared with the scores before intervention（P〈0.01）. Medication compliance improved more significantly in the experimental group after intervention（P〈0.05）. Re-admission rates decreased more significantly in the experimental group than the control group（P〈0.01）. Conclusion Health education and extended care intervention for patients and their family members can improve patients＇ psychological conditions, promote medication compliance, reduce readmission rates, and improve patients＇ quality of family life.