4-氯苯氧乙酸钠对小鼠的毒性及其残留分析

Acute and Accumulative Toxicity and Detection of Residual Sodium 4-Chlorophenoxyacetate in Mice

目的:探讨毒豆芽中常用植物生长调节剂4-氯苯氧乙酸钠(sodium 4-chlorophenoxyacetate,4-CPANa)对小鼠的急性、蓄积性毒性及其在小鼠机体的残留规律。方法:采用改良寇氏法测定4-CPANa对小鼠的急性毒性;蓄积性毒性实验以107.4 mg/kg为起始剂量,采用剂量递增蓄积系数法染毒,观察记录实验期间小鼠的一般生理指标,结束后测定小鼠血液生化指标、脏器指数、组织病理变化状况,超高效液相色谱法测定4-CPANa在小鼠机体内的残留量。结果:4-CPANa对小鼠经口半数致死剂量(LD50)为1 074.1 mg/kg,蓄积系数K>8;4-CPANa对小鼠的生理及血液生化指标有不同程度影响,肝脏、肾脏均发生组织病理学变化;小鼠机体中4-CPANa残留量由高到低的顺序为:尿液>肾脏>肝脏>血液>心脏>脑组织>肌肉。结论:4-CPANa为低毒、低等蓄积性药物,其毒性效应主要表现为对小鼠肝脏和肾脏的毒性作用。

Objective： To investigate acute and accumulative toxicity and residual patterns of sodium 4-chlorophenoxyacetate （4-CPANa）, a plant growth regulator usually abused in poisonous bean sprouts, in mice. Methods： The oral acute toxicity of 4-CPANa in mice was determined by a modified Korbor method, and oral accumulative toxicity was assayed by an incremental exposure accumulative coefficient method with an initial dose of 107.4 mg/kg. Physiological indices of mice were recorded during the experimental period. Serum biochemical and organ indices and morphological examination of mice were carried out, and the 4-CPANa residues in mouse body were analyzed by ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography at the end of the experiment. Results： The half-lethal dose （LDs0） of 4-CPANa to mice was 1 074.1 mg/kg and the accumulative coefficient K was larger than 8. Compared with the control group, 4-CPANa showed different influence on physiological and serum biochemical indices in mice. Furthermore, 4-CPANa also resulted in visible lesions and significant histopathological changes in the liver and kidney of mice. The 4-CPANa residue in mice was observed in the following decreasing order： urine 〉 kidney 〉 liver 〉 blood 〉 heart 〉 brain 〉 muscle. Conclusion： 4-CPANa was classified as the 4a level of toxicity and belonged to the low-accumulation family. The toxic effect of 4-CPANa toward mice was mainly exhibited as lesions in liver and kidney.