三相交流永磁同步电动机电磁振动的理论建模与分析

THEORETICAL ANALYZING AND MODELING FOR ELECTROMAGNETIC VIBRATION OF PERMANENT MAGNET SYNCHRONOUS MOTOR

交流永磁同步电机效率高、寿命长、运行可靠、维护简单,是未来调速电机重要的发展方向之一,对其电磁振动建模分析是研发低噪音交流永磁同步电机的基础。从永磁同步电机的结构出发,推导了三相交流永磁同步电机的磁密、径向电磁力以及振动的理论模型,从理论角度对永磁同步电机电磁振动的影响因素进行了分析,并给出了电机电磁振动的主要频率。通过理论建模和仿真分析得出,当永磁同步电机槽数接近2倍、4倍、6倍或8倍电机极对数时,电机产生振动频率为2倍、4倍或6倍基波频率的振动。这一结果的提出为设计同类型的永磁同步电机提供了参考依据。

Permanent magnet synchronous motor （PMSM） having the following characteristics of high efficiency, high stability, long using life and simple maintenance is one of the important development directions in the motor field. The research on electromagnetic vibration is foundations of designing the low noising PMSM. The structure of PMSM is introduced. The models of air gap magnetic flux density, the radial electromagnet force and structural vibration are developed. The factors effecting electromagnetic vibration are theoretical analyzed, the frequencies of electromagnetic vibration are given. The simulation results show the PMSM produces severe vibration with frequency of 2, 4 and 6 times fundamental frequency, when the number of slot near to 2, 4, 6 and 8 times the number of poles. These efforts provide references for designing different type of permanent magnet synchronous motor.