白消安在异基因造血干细胞移植预处理方案中的研究进展

Research progress of busulfan in the conditioning regimen of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation

白消安（busulfan,BU）即1,4-丁二醇二甲磺酸酯,是一个双功能烷化剂。1950年,研究发现BU对造血干细胞具有明显的毒性作用,血液系统外的毒副作用小,BU被广泛用于治疗髓系肿瘤性疾病〔1〕。1974年研究发现了BU高效的清髓性作用〔2〕,BU开始代替全身照射（TBI）成为造血干细胞移植（HSCT）预处理方案的重要组成部分〔3〕。

Busulfan（BU）,1,4-dimethanesulphonyloxybutane,is a bifunctional DNA alkylating agent.In1950,BU was found highly toxic to hematopoietic stem cells,but with little toxicity on mature lymphocyte and other organs.Since then,BU was widely used in the treatment of myelogenous disorders.In 1974,researchers revealed the profound myeloablative effect of BU in rats and then it was first incorporated into pretransplant conditioning regimens,in replacement of total body irradiation.BU combined with CY（BU/CY）is one of the most commonly used classical conditioning regimes at present.The clinical research progress of BU in the conditioning regimens of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation is reviewed in this article.