生物滞留设施去除模拟道路径流中典型重金属的中试

Pilot Test of Removal of Typical Heavy Metals in Simulated Road Runoff by Bioretention Facilities

通过在上海市崇明县野外构建人工试验装置进行中试试验，探讨了生物滞留设施对模拟道路径流中Cu、Zn、Ph三种主要重金属的去除效果、去除规律及影响因素。结果表明，生物滞留设施对典型重金属具有较好的去除效果，Cu、Zn、Ph的去除率分别为70．9％～98．1％、77．6％～98．5％、71．7％～98．6％，且去除率受进水浓度影响不大；土壤层对Cu、Zn、Pb的平均去除率最高；沸石层的添加可以在增大渗透性能的同时有效去除重金属，单位时间重金属去除效率可提高40％左右；而植物的种植对重金属的去除影响不大。因此，生物滞留设施可为我国道路径流污染控制提供一种优化途径的新思路。

Through conducted pilot tests in Chongming, Shanghai, this research studied the removal effect, removal feature and influencing factors of Cu, Zn, Pb, three typical heavy metals, in simulated road runoff by bioretention facilities. The results show that bioretention facilities are effective for removing typical heavy metals from road runoff and the removal rates of Cu, Zn, Pb were 70.9 98.1% , 77.6% -98.5% and 71.7% -98.6% respectively. Meanwhile influent concentration has little effect on removal rates and the highest average removal rates of Cu, Zn, Pb occurr in the soil layer. Also, the inclusion of zeolite layer can enhance the permeability of bioretention facilities and remove contaminants effectively, with about 40% improvement of removal efficiency per unit time. However, the cultivated plants have little impact on the removal of the three heavy metals. Therefore, bioretention facilities can be a way to facilitate the road runoff pollution control.