物理生态协同净化装置对高浊度河水的处理效果

Effectiveness of Collaborative Processes with Physical and Ecological Purification for High Turbidity River Water Treatment

该研究针对崇明东滩河道泥沙多、浊度高、透明度低的问题，考察了物理生态协同净化装置对崇明东滩的高浊度河水的处理效果，并对负载弹性填料和仿生水草两种填料的中试装置进行了对比。中试结果表明，两套装置对河水浊度都有良好的去除效果，在进水浊度为33．9±8．0NTU的条件下，仿生水草装置的出水浊度为8．7±2．5NTU，去除率为74．4±4．9％；弹性填料装置的出水浊度为9．5±1．8NTU，去除率为72．0±5．5％。季节温度变化对两套装置出水浊度无显著影响。装置对河水中粒径大于1000μm的颗粒去除效果明显，弹性填料装置和仿生水草装置处理后，河水中砂砾（62—2000μm）的体积百分比由河水中的16．5％分别降至3．6％和7．5％。同时，两套装置对河水中其他污染物也有一定的去除效果，仿生水草装置对各污染物去除率较高，其氨氮去除率为40．2±0．07％，总氮去除率为27．7±0．09％，总磷去除率为32．6±0．10％，CODCr去除率为9．9±0．11％。本研究结果可为高浊度河水的水质修复提供经验借鉴和技术支持。

The river water in Dongtan Chongrning was characterized by high turbidity and low transparency. Physical and ecological collaborative purification methods, which configured with elastic fillings or bionic water plants, were compared with fiver water remediation. The results showed that the turbidity was brought down effectively by two purification plants. The turbidity in river water was 33.9 ±8.0 NTU, then decreased to 9.5 ±1.8 NTU with removal rate of 72.0 ±5.5% in effluent of the plant configured with elastic fillings, and decreased to 8.7 ±2.5 NTU with removal rate of 74.4 ± 4.9% in effluent of the plant configured with bionic water plants. There was no significant effect of seasonal temperature variation on the turbidity removal in both systems. The particles with diameter over 1 000 μm was removed effectively by two plants. The percent of grit （62± 2 000 μm） was 16.5% in volume in fiver water, and decreased to 3.6% and 7.5% in effluent of the plants configured with elastic fillings and bionic water plants. In addition, ammonia nitrogen, total nitrogen, total phosphorus and CODcr were eliminated partly in both plants, and the plant configured artificial water plants offered better removal, which is 40. 2 ± 0. 07% for ammonia nitrogen, 27.7 ± 0.09% for total nitrogen, 32.6± 0. 10% for total phosphorus and 9.9± 0. 11% for CODcr. This technology could be applied for remediation of river water with high turbidity.