明清小说评点中的“趣”论

“Qu”in Novels Critiques in Ming and Qing Dynasty

"趣"是中国古代文学、艺术批评的重要范畴之一,明清小说诸家评点以"趣"评点小说,丰富了"趣"范畴的内涵。小说评点中的"趣"与处于社会关系中的人密切相关,可以从两个层面理解:以愉悦心理为基础,对情景再现的生动如画、人物形象表现的传神灵妙以及情感表现的放任自然;文本因艺术技巧的使用而产生的谐趣化的风致与情味。小说评点中的"趣"范畴具有主观性,与审美主体的内心体悟相关。

＂Qu＂is an important category in critiques of ancient literature and arts. Critiques of novelists in Ming and Qing dynasties started with ＂qu＂and had enriched the connotation of this very category. ＂qu＂in novel critiques has close relationship with people in the social relationships,and can be understood from two aspects： based on merry mentality,it is vividness of scenes presentation,wonder of expressiveness in characterization and spontaneity in emotional manifestation; with the help of artistic techniques,texts show interesting styles and tastes. ＂qu＂in novel critiques has subjectivity,and is related with internal inspiration of aesthetic subjects.