云南省玉溪市农村地区手足口病影响因素分析

Influence factors of hand-foot-mouth disease in rural areas in Yuxi City,Yunnan Province

目的了解云南省玉溪市农村地区手足口病流行的相关影响因素,为有效控制手足口病在农村地区的暴发和流行提供依据。方法研究采用1∶1病例对照研究方法,选取疫情报告系统中2014年5月1日至12月31日期间云南省玉溪市人民医院临床或实验室诊断为手足口病的全部乡镇患儿进行编号,采用系统抽样的方法确定了其中来自农村地区的205例病例,按照1∶1配对原则确定205例未患手足口的儿童为对照,采用问卷调查的方法收集资料。用Epi Data 3.0建立数据库,SPSS 17.0统计软件对数据进行单因素、多因素条件Logistic回归分析。结果 Logistic多因素回归分析显示,在控制了各变量间的混杂作用影响后,儿童与手足口病患儿有接触史是流行的危险因素(OR=6.622),而儿童饭前洗手和接受母乳喂养为保护因素(OR分别为0.485、0.396)。结论相比城镇地区,农村地区儿童的手足口病防治应该得到更多关注,培养成良好的卫生习惯、提倡母乳喂养及避免让儿童接触手足口病患者是控制农村手足口病的关键。

Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics and influence factors of hand-foot-mouth disease in rural areas of Yuxi City,and provide a basis for disease control and prevention. Methods Using 1： 1 case-control study and systematic sampling method to select cases from China Disease Prevention and Control System from May 1,2014 to December 31,2014,who were diagnosed in clinics or laboratory of Yuxi Municipal Hospital. Database was set up by Epidata 3. 0,and analyzed by SPSS 17. 0. All cases were numbered. Results Logistic multifactor regression analysis showed that normal children and children with hand-footmouth disease had a history of contact,which was a risk factor.（ OR = 6. 622）,washing hands before each meal and being breastfed were both protect factors,OR was 0. 485 and 0. 485,respectively. Conclusion Compared with the children in urban area,more attention should be paid to those in rural area. To cultivate good hygiene habits,promote breastfeeding and avoid contacting with patients were key points to control hand-foot-mouth disease.