北京广外地区成人慢性病相关危险因素分析及健康管理探讨

Analysis of risk factors of adult chronic diseases and health management for Guangwai Community,Beijing City

目的通过对广外社区进行社区诊断,了解该地区慢性病及其危险因素的流行情况,为制定社区健康管理干预措施提供科学依据。方法采取多阶段分层整群抽样方法,在广外社区随机抽取7个居委会5 600人采取问卷调查、体格检查及抽血化验方法。结果广外社区7种常见慢性病排序依次为:高血压28.81%、血脂异常26.35%、糖尿病12.25%、冠心病10.16%、慢性骨关节病9.81%、脑卒中5.48%和COPD2.07%,平均患病率为13.56%,7种慢性病占常住人口的53.50%,多因素logistic回归分析显示,家族史、年龄、体质指数、饮食嗜咸及缺乏体力活动是慢性病主要影响因素。结论广外社区慢性病的患病率和危险因素均处于较高流行水平,应积极采取有针对性的干预措施,控制慢性病相关危险因素的发生发展,提高社区人群健康水平和生活质量。

Objective Residents of Guangwai Community residents were diagnosed to understand the prevalence of chronic diseases and its risk factors,and provide evidence for health management and taking interventions. Methods Multistage,stratified cluster sampling method was applied,5 600 people in seven communities were randomly selected,questionnaire and physical examination were performed. Results Seven kinds of common chronic diseases were： hypertension,28. 81%,diabetes,12. 25%,coronary heart diseases,hyper-lipidemia,26. 35%,chronic diseases of bone and joint 9. 81%,cerebral stroke 5. 48%,and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease（ COPD）（ 2. 07%）. The average morbidity rate was 13. 56%,7 chronic diseases accounted for 53. 5% of the residential population. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that,family history,age,body mass index,high salt intake and lack of physical activity were the main influence factors. Conclusion Chronic disease prevalence rate and risk factors were at a high level in Guangwai Community,targeted intervention measures should be taken to control the development of relevant risk factors,so as to promote the health level and life quality of the residents.