俯卧位手术压疮评分与手术时间的相关研究

The study of the prone position surgery scoring for pressure ulcer and the operation time

目的总结分析脊柱后路俯卧位手术的Waterlow压疮风险评估量表中关于患者皮肤情况、手术时间、术前术中的压疮风险评估量表评分并进行相关的研究分析。方法随机选择2014年1月～2015年1月进行尝试性脊柱后路手术患者40例,均行脊柱后路俯卧位手术体位,并合理使用手术室相关医疗器械,观察是否手术过程发生压疮并记录手术时间、入手术室前、手术中的风险评估量表评分。结果 40例手术进行顺利,手术时间1.5～6.0 h;其中≥2 h为32例;术中压疮出现前额1例,下颌l例,均为I期压疮,且在5 h以上,无其他期压疮,压疮发生率为5%,小于等于4 h为37例,均无压疮存在。女性患者在术前和术后4 h内的压疮量表的评分增加幅度为58.0%,高于男性患者的51.6%,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。结论术前积极进行积极合理的评估和有针对性地采取合理的措施,对预防压疮具有重要的意义。

Objective To summarize Waterlow of spinal posterior prone position surgery in patients with pressure ulcer risk assessment scale of skin condition, operation time, perioperative risk of pressure ulcers in preoperative evaluation rating scale for analysis of the related research. Methods From January 2014 to January 2015, a tentative study of random selection of 40 patients with spinal posterior surgery, were performed spinal posterior position prone position surgery, and the rational use of the operating room related medical apparatus and instruments, whether the operation process of pressure ulcers and recording time of operation, into the operating room before, operation risk assessment of the rating scale were observed. Results 40 cases of smooth operation, operation time l.5-6.0 hours. More than and equal to 2 hours for 32 cases; Medium pressure sores appear 1 case of forehead, jaw l example, for stage I pressure ulcers, and in more than five hours, no other period of pressure sores, the incidence of pressure ulcers was 5%, less than or equal to 4 hours for 37 cases there were no pressure sores. Women in preoperative and postoperative patients with pressure ulcers within 4 hours and scale of the score rose to about 58.0%, higher than the 51.6% of the male patients, the difference was statistically significant（P〈0.05）. Conclusion Preoperative positive and reasonable assessment and targeted take reasonable measures, have important sense to prevention of pressure ulcers.