经与经学

The Jing and the Study of Classics

在战国时期之后,"经"字是一个泛称,用来指称先秦诸子最重要的典籍。"经学"之名,始于汉代,特指关于儒家经典的学问。《诗》《书》《礼》《易》《春秋》五部典籍是"中华元典",自汉以后,这五种典籍书名皆缀"经"字。由此五部经典逐渐衍生扩大,而有七经、九经、十二经,至宋代定为"十三经"。这些经典是中国传统文化的"根干",承载着中华民族的价值理想。经学因此在中国文化中具有主导性的重要地位。

After the Warring States period,the character＂Jing＂was used as a general term,which referred to the most significant classics written by the scholars in pre-Qin Dynasty.The concept＂Jing Xue＂,which means the study of classics,especially the learning of Confucius classics,started in Han Dynasty.Shi,Shu,Li,Yi,Chunqiu were considered as five books of＂Chinese Classics＂,and the name of the five books was all attached with＂Jing＂after Han Dynasty.Thus the classics were gradually increased to seven classics,nine classics,and twelve classics.In Song Dynasty,the number was officially confined to thirteen books.All the classics were considered as the＂root＂of traditional Chinese culture,which reflected the national value of the Chinese nation.Therefore,＂Jing Xue＂takes a dominant position in Chinese culture.