圣人,圣言与圣行:作为一种经学判断的“孔子作《春秋》”

Sage,Canon and Writing:The Statement of “Kongzi zuo Chunqiu” as a Confucian Classic Contestation

从观念构成及话语运作来重访"孔子作《春秋》"的争议问题,可将这一声明解析为三项话语要素:即作者、文本与书写。在汉代,对《春秋》作者的溯归与形塑,关联着《春秋》文本和书写的定位,三者协同运作,表征着不同的经学立场与判断。在中国经学话语空间中,诠释主体与话语系统是相互生产的,而圣人、经书与书写这样的观念更需要被视为话语系统内部具有自我指涉与交互指涉意义的符号。"孔子作《春秋》"这一经学声明极为典型地体现了话语述行的能量:经学诠释主体通过言语行为的反复实施来构建话语事实,也施行经学实践本身。

If we focus on the conceptual formation and discursive operation of the Chinese classic statement,＂Kongzi zuo Chunqiu＂,the statement actually consists of three discursive elements：the author,the text and the action of writing.In Han Dynasty,questing and configuring the＂author＂of Chunqiu were integrated with the concept of Chunqiuand the orientation of zuo.The three elements cooperated together,and also were projections of different claims and stances of Classicism.In the discursive space of Chinese Classicism,the interpreting individuals and the discursive system were mutually produced.The concepts such as Sage,Canon and Writing should be regarded as signs bearing self-referential and inter-referential functions within the discursive system,rather than mere references appropriated by the speaking individuals.This statement,＂Kongzi zuo Chunqiu＂,shows performative force of discourse in an extremely typical way,viz.,the interpreting individuals constructed the discursive facts through repetitive speech acts,and carried out the discursive practices of Chinese Classism as such.