云南甲马信仰的道教文化考辨

Textual Research on Taoism Culture in Yunnan Horse Belief

以云南甲马信仰为例,辨析了民间信仰与道教之间的关系,揭示了云南甲马的民俗功能、宗教意义和文化内涵。从艺术造型视角来讲,甲马是一种单色的黑白木刻版画,用图像的形式传达了人们的精神信仰;从民俗视角来讲,甲马是民间信仰的载体,人们通过使用甲马来表达对自然不可抗力的精神依托和慰藉,是人们进行的一种民俗活动;从宗教视角来讲,云南甲马的神仙位业和仪式均以道教为主体,是一种准宗教的民间信仰活动。

Taking Yunnan horse belief as an example,this paper analyzes the relationship between folk beliefs and Taoism,and reveals the folk function,religious significance and cultural connotation of Yunnan horse.From the artistic modeling perspective,a horse is a kind of white-black woodcut with a single color which communicates people＇s spiritual belief by using the image format.From the folk visual angle,the horse is the carrier of the folk beliefs,which is used to express the spiritual support and comfort for the force majeure to nature and is also one kind of folk activity.From the religious perspective,the fairy karma and ceremony of Yunnan horse totally take Taoism as a main part,and it is one kind of quasi-religious folk belief activity.