中日韩知识产权产品贸易现状及对策研究

Analysis on the Measure of the Intellectual Property Product Trade among China,Japan and Korea

通过统计联合国统计委员会定义的知识产权产品的海关商品编码发现,(1)入世后,中国对日本和韩国知识产权产品贸易逆差不断扩大,到2010年甚至超过了全部贸易的逆差额;(2)文化类产品、电子计算机类产品和软件对我国贸易均衡发挥了重要作用,但产品附加值仍然相对较低;(3)从日韩的进口逐渐从集成电路和化工原料向高端的战略性新兴产业转变,这意味着无论是在关税减免还是在非关税壁垒方面,我国都应该得到更多的保护。

According to the definition of intellectual property product given by SNA and the strategic emerging industries classification criteria made by National Bureau of Statistics,this paper have figured out the corresponding industry classification with the method of fuzzy optimization; and then,we can get the list of intellectual property trade by making use of the customs commodity codes. The research found that：（ 1） In terms of the IP product trade,the China＇s trade deficit with Japan and Korea is becoming more obvious as China became the member of WTO. The deficit of IP product trade is getting more than the total trade deficit in 2010. When it came to 2011,the ratio of exports of IP product to Japan and imports from Japan was 1： 2. This ratio for Korea was 1： 3. The exports to Japan and South Korea were about $ 61. 3 billion and $39. 4 billion,while imports were $ 121. 6 billion and $ 120. 8 billion;（ 2） Cultural products,computer products and Software have played an important role in maintaining the balance of China＇s trade,which is related to the policy orientation of developing the cultural industry; however,the exports of IP product are still low value- added relatively;（ 3） Imports from Japan and South Korea gradually change from integrated circuits and chemical raw materials to a more diverse LCD panels,integrated circuits,CNC machine tools,excavators,textile equipment,which means that China＇s strategic emerging industries are still in catch- up phase. As a result,it＇s necessary to make policy to encourage the enterprises strengthening research and development. It should be noted that,in 2011,South Korea on China＇s trade surplus of only the LCD panel and integrated circuits was up to 47. 3 billion yuan,accounting for 60% of total trade surplus. In a word,China is definitely in a weak position in the negotiations of FTA. In order to realize win- win,China should get more protection either in tariff reduction or in non- tariff barriers.