复杂锡精矿还原熔炼过程中元素在金属和渣相中的分布

Distributions of Elements in Metal and Slag Phases during the Reduction Smelting Process of Complex Tin Concentrate

实验研究了复杂锡精矿还原熔炼过程中还原温度和保温时间对Sn及杂质元素在金属和渣相中分布的影响.结果表明,Sn,Fe,Pb,Cu,Sb,Bi主要进入金属相,Al,Si,Ca,Mg主要进入渣中.随还原温度升高和保温时间延长,金属相中Fe分布率增大,Pb,Sb,Bi分布率缓慢减小,Cu分布率基本不变;Al,Si,Ca,Mg在渣相中的分布率随温度升高缓慢增加,保温时间基本无影响.Sn最佳还原温度和保温时间分别为1648 K和120 min,该条件下Sn,Fe,Pb,Cu,Sb,Bi,Al,Si,Ca,Mg在金属中分布率分别为93.97%,75.03%,63.11%,97.28%,50.59%,59.52%,1.09%,0.70%,0.69%,0.34%,在渣中分布率分别为1.20%,19.35%,2.42%,0.58%,14.81%,12.33%,96.93%,98.49%,95.23%,94.62%.升高温度利于Fe进入金属相,Sn和Fe有富集到金属相中不同区域的趋势;延长保温时间使Fe在金属相中的分布更分散.

The effects of reduction temperature and heat preservation time on distribution of Sn and impurity elements during the reduction smelting process of complex tin concentrate were studied. The results showed that Sn, Fe, Pb, Cu, Sb and Bi mainly entered the metal phase, while Al, Si, Ca and Mg mainly entered the slag. The distribution rate of Fe in the metal phase increased with increasing of reduction temperature and prolonging of heat preservation time, and the distribution rates of Pb, Sb and Bi decreased gradually, while the distribution rate of Cu almost remained unchanged. The distribution rates of Al, Si, Ca and Mg increased slowly with increasing of reduction temperature, whereas prolonging of heat preservation time had no effect on their distribution rate. The optimal reduction temperature and heat preservation time for Sn reduction were 1 648 K and 120 min, respectively. Under the conditions, the distribution rates of Sn, Fe, Pb, Cu, Sb, Bi, Al, Si, Ca and Mg in metal phase were 93.97%, 75.03%, 63.11%, 97.28%, 50.59%, 59.52%, 1.09%, 0.70%, 0.69% and 0.34%, respectively, and their distribution rates in slag were 1.20%, 19.35%, 2.42%, 0.58%, 14.81%, 12.33%, 96.93%, 98.49%, 95.23% and 94.62%, respectively. Increasing of reduction temperature was beneficial to Fe entering into metal phase, and Sn and Fe had the tendency to be gathered in different areas of metal phase. However, the distribution of Fe in the metal phase would be much more dispersive with prolonging of heat preservation time.