多种截面形状薄壁管轴向冲击吸能特性对比研究及优化设计

Comparative analysis and optimization design of energy absorption characteristic of thin-walled tubes with various section geometries under axial impact

利用经过台车碰撞试验验证的铝合金薄壁管材料参数对比研究了方形、六边形、八边形和圆形的多种不同截面形状薄壁管在轴向动态冲击下的吸能特性。结合多目标优化算法对吸能特性较好的八边形多胞管进行了参数优化,并提出了一种新的优化设计方案。该方案将多胞管外管、肋板和内管的厚度分别作为优化设计变量,通过与将多胞管取统一厚度作为设计变量的传统方案进行对比发现,采用该方案对八边形多胞管进行优化后明显提高了其在相同压缩力峰值下的能量吸收效率。

Comparative analysis of energy absorption characteristic of square,hexagonal,octagonal and cylindrical thin-walled tubes with various different cross-sectional shapes under axial dynamic impact was carried out based on the material parameters of aluminum thin-walled tube that was validated by a sled crash test.Combined with multi-objective optimization Algorithm,the octagonal multi-cell tube with relative better energy absorption characteristic was made a parameter optimization and a new optimization design scheme was proposed.This scheme taken the thickness of the outer tube,tube support plate and inner plate of octagonal multi-cell tube as optimal design variables respectively,by comparison with traditionally regarding the multi-cell tube＇s thickness as an unified one,we found that after optimizing the octagonal multi-cell tube,this scheme improved its energy absorption efficiency obviously than the latter while the CFE constrained under the same level.