姜黄原植物的考证

Textual reseach on original plants of Curcumae Longae Rhizoma

姜黄是临床常用药物,在古代方剂中常作为活血行气之要药被广泛应用。但文献记载姜黄的原植物却不尽一致。初载温郁金为其主要的原植物,后将温郁金排除于原植物之外。通过古今文献考证温郁金药用的历史沿革及姜黄和莪术功能主治的异同,表明温郁金从唐宋始载为姜黄的原植物之一,至清代、民国被一直沿用;现代文献中也多将温郁金作为姜黄的原植物之一,其根茎的纵切片——片姜黄在功能主治上与莪术有异,与姜黄则完全相同。将温郁金作为姜黄的原植物符合古今文献记载以及药物功效规律和临床应用实际,有利于临床对古方的应用。

Curcumae Longae Rhizoma（CLR） is a commonly used drug in clinic, it is widely used as an important drug of activating blood and Qi in ancient prescription. But the records of the original plant of CLR are not consistent in modern literature： Wenyujin Concisa Rhizoma（WCR） was recorded as the main plants of CLR originally, and then it was excluded. The historical evolution of WCR used as medicine and the similarities and differences among WCR, CLR, and Curcuma Rhizoma（CR） in efficacy were tracked down through the records in ancient and modern literatures. It showed that from the materia medica in Tang and Song Dynasty, WCR was recorded as one of the original plants of CLR which was continually used until the Qing Dynasty and the Republic of China. In modern literature, WCR was also firstly recorded as one of the original plants of CLR. The longitudinal section of WCR was different from CR in efficacy, but identical with CLR exactly. So that, the means of classifying WCR as a part of the original plant of CLR not only conform to the ancient and modern literatures, but also in accordance with the rules of drug efficacy and the actual clinical application. So this method is beneficial to clinical application of ancient prescriptions.