纳米ZnO改性蜂蜡处理缅甸花梨木材表面性能

Surface properties of Bruma rosewood polished using beewax modified by Nano-ZnO

为了提升传统烫蜡工艺处理后木材的表面性能,采用3种质量分数(0.5%、1.0%、2.0%)的纳米ZnO分别对烫蜡原料蜂蜡进行共混改性,并按照传统烫蜡工艺对缅甸花梨木试件进行表面改性蜂蜡烫蜡处理。采用扫描电子显微镜和能谱仪对处理材的微观形貌及纳米材料分散情况进行表征,通过分析处理材表面的耐紫外老化性、疏水性及抗菌性,探讨不同纳米ZnO含量对烫蜡后木材表面性能的影响。结果表明:经纳米ZnO改性蜂蜡烫蜡后的木材表面的颜色稳定性、疏水性和抗菌性均得到了明显改善。质量分数为1%的纳米ZnO改性蜂蜡处理材的表面性能最佳;96 h紫外老化后,其总色差较纯蜂蜡处理材降低了42%,接触角始终保持在102°以上;具备了显著的抗菌性,抑菌率可达65%。纳米ZnO改性蜂蜡烫蜡后的木器颜色能够持久稳定,对于烫蜡木器使用范围的扩展具有重要意义。

In order to improve the surface properties of wood treated by traditional wax coating technology,the Bruma rosewood sample was treated by modified beewax,which was obtained by modifying nano ZnO with different mass ratios（ 0. 5%,1. 0% and 2. 0%）. The morphology of the samples and the dispersion of nano ZnO were characterized by scanning electron microscopy（ SEM） and energy disperse spectroscopy（ EDAX）. The wood surface properties with different nano ZnO contents were investigated through ultraviolet aging resistance,hydrophobicity and antibacterial properties analysis. The results showed that the color stability,hydrophobicity and antibacterial properties were significantly improved after treated with the modified wax with nano ZnO. When the nano ZnO content was 1%,the wood surface properties were optimal. After 96 h ultraviolet aging,the total color difference（ ΔE＊） of the modified sample was reduced by 42% compared with the unmodified one. The contact angle of the modified sample kept always above 102°. The modified sample has remarkable antibacterial properties,and antibacterial rate reaches 65%. Wood color is stable after treated by nano ZnO modified wax,which has great significance for expanding the range of application of the wax polished wood.