南通市区患者初诊糖尿病视网膜病变严重程度的相关因素分析

Correlation factors of severity of diabetic retinopathy in patients with newly diagnosed diabetes in Nantong

目的分析影响南通市区糖尿病性视网膜病变（DR）患者病情程度的相关因素。方法对南通市区初诊眼底的糖尿病患者200人进行相关问卷调查,问卷主要包括年龄、性别、家族史、糖尿病病程和治疗方式、高血压病程、文化程度、症状出现时间、既往眼病史、诊疗史等方面内容。完善眼底各项检查,记录分析与初诊病情严重程度可能相关的危险因素。结果确诊DR患者174例。糖尿病病程与DR严重程度具有相关性（χ~2=87.466,P〈0.01）。高血压病程的长短与DR严重程度具有相关性（χ~2=56.761,P〈0.01）。文化程度与DR严重程度具有相关性（χ~2=50.712,P〈0.01）。症状出现与初就诊的间隔时间,与DR严重程度也具有相关性（χ~2=364.044,P=0.032）。结论糖尿病病程、高血压病程、文化程度、症状出现的时间均影响DR患者的病情程度。提高全民文化水平,加强糖尿病眼病知识宣传,将有助于疾病的早期诊断和治疗。

Objective To analyze the factors that relate to the severity of diabetic retinopathy（ DR） among patients with newly diagnosed diabetes in Nantong City.Methods The questionnaire survey was conducted in 200 patients with newly diagnosed diabetic.Clinical data,including age,gender,education,diabetes history and treatment,hypertension and other medical history,family history,and ophthalmic history.Patients received thorough fundus examinations,and the risk factors were analyzed.Results Totally 174 cases of DR were identified.Length of diabetes history was strongly correlated with DR severity（χ~2=87.466,P〈0.01）.The course of hypertension was also strongly correlated with DR severity（χ~2=56.761,P〈0.01）.Other important factors included education（χ~2=50.712,P〈0.01） and time between symptoms and treatment（χ~2= 364.044,P=0.032）.Conclusion The course of diabetes and hypertension,education level,and the time between symptoms and treatment were factors that correlated to the degree diabetic retinopathy.Improvement in public education on general health,diabetes,and diabetic retinopathy is critical for early diagnosis and treatment of the disease.