量子网络研究进展

Research Progress on Quantum Network

量子网络是通过量子节点来产生、处理和存储量子信息,利用飞行比特作为量子信道来传递量子信息的全量子信息处理与传输网络系统.量子网络不仅是实现长距离、网络式量子通信的基础,还可实现可扩展的分布式量子计算机,并应用于凝聚态多体系统的量子演化模拟.因此,量子网络是以量子通信、量子计算和量子模拟为中心的量子调控研究的核心课题.目前,选择合适的物理载体作为量子节点以及合适的相互作用形式以实现光子与光子、光子与量子节点以及不同量子节点间的相互作用是量子网络研究的重要课题.冷原子系综以及腔量子电动力学系统是实现量子节点的典型代表.文章结合本实验室的研究综述量子网络在以上2个物理系统中近期的部分研究进展,并对量子网络的发展做一定展望.

Quantum network is a network used to process and transfer information by quantum nodes. Quantum information is generated, processed and stored through quantum nodes and transferred by flying qubits through quantum channels. Quantum network is the essential block for long distance quantum communication, scalable distributed quantum computation and simulation of dynamical evolution in quantum multi-body systems. Therefore, quantum network plays a key role in quantum communication, quantum computation and quantum simulation. At present, photons have been recognized as the standard flying qubits to transfer information in the quantum network. Therefore, the selection of a suitable physical system as the quantum nodes and suitable interaction to enhance the interaction between photon-photon, photon-node and node-node is significant important in the research of quantum network. The cold atomic ensemble and cavity QED are two leading candidates for quantum nodes. In this article, we will briefly review some recent progresses in these two systems based on our researches and give a prospective outlook.