颅内肿瘤发病规律分析

Analysis for pathogenesis characteristics of intracranial tumor

目的研究颅内肿瘤发病规律，提高其术前确诊率。方法从年龄、性别、组织病理学类型方面，对2007至2009年经手术病理证实的1179例颅内肿瘤患者进行回顾性分析。参照2007年WHO中枢神经系统肿瘤分类标准，并将统计结果与文献比较，探讨本组1179例颅内肿瘤发病规律。结果发病年龄高峰期40-60岁，女性略多于男性，组织病理学类型为脑膜肿瘤（30．28％）、神经上皮组织肿瘤（29．7％）、垂体腺瘤（20．78％）、神经鞘瘤（10．77％）、转移瘤（2．97％）、颅咽管瘤（2．37％）、淋巴瘤（1．44％）、脊索瘤（0．76％）、生殖细胞肿瘤（0．68％）及其他（0．25％）。神经上皮细胞肿瘤发病率略低于脑膜肿瘤，以往报导前者发病率高于后者。儿童组常见的病理类型有星形细胞肿瘤（30％）、室管膜瘤（13．33％）、颅咽管瘤（13．33％）和髓母细胞瘤（8．33％）。老年组常见的病理类型有脑膜瘤（31．78％）、星形细胞肿瘤（22．03％）、垂体瘤（14．83％）及神经鞘瘤（10．17％）。结论颅内肿瘤在性别、年龄及组织病理学类型方面有一定规律性。近年来，随着影像学技术的发展。其发病率上升。

Objective To investigate the pathogenesis regulation of intracranial tumors in order to enhance the accuracy of preoperative diagnosis. Methods The data including patient＇ s age, sex and histopathological types in 1,179 patients with intracranial tumor were retrospectively analyzed. According to the classification criteria of central nervous system tumors by WHO in 2007, the statistical results were compared with those reported in literatures to explore pathogenesis regularity of intracranial tumors. Results The age of patients with high incidence of intracranial tumor was peaked at 40 - 60 years, with females being slightly more than males. The histopathological types of the tumor were meningiomas （30.28%）, neurocytoma （29. 7% ）, pituitary adenoma （20. 78% ）, neurinoma （ 10. 77% ）, metastatic tumor （2. 97% ）, craniopharyngioma （2.37%） ,lymphomas （ 1.44% ） ,chordoma （0.76%） ,germ cell tumor （0.68%） and the other tumors （0.25%）. The incidence of neurocytoma was slightly less than that of meningiomas, however, according to former reports,the former was higher than the latter. The frequent histopathological types in children patients were astrocytic tumors （30%） ,ependymoma （13.33%） ,craniopharyngioma （13.33%） and medulloblastoma （8.33%）. The frequent histopathological types in elderly patients were meningioma （31.78%）, astrocytic tumors （22.03%）, pituitary tumor （ 14.83% ） and neurinoma （ 10. 17% ）. Conclusion There is a certain regularity in sex and age of patients as well as histopathological types of intracranial tumors. With the development of imaging techniques, the incidence rate of intracranial tumor is increased in recent years.