摘要
1409号"威马逊"台风是1949年以来登陆我国华南地区的最强台风。本文首先以铁山港海域的潮位站和气象站实测资料为基础,对铁山港海域的风暴增水特征进行了初步分析,结果表明:铁山港湾内最大风暴增水值要大于湾口处,通过对历史增水值进行重现期推算可知1409号台风造成的最大增水强度达到了200年一遇。台风登陆期间铁山港海域发生先减水后增水的现象,是因为铁山港海域的风向发生了转变,先是吹离岸风,后改为向岸风。然后基于MIKE21和Holland台风风场建立二维风暴潮数学模型分析了1409号台风的最大增水空间分布规律,模型结果显示地形与风暴潮增水的关系十分密切,铁山港内部湾顶位置处最大风暴增水超过了3.2 m,比铁山港口门处增加了1.2 m,因此需要格外重视铁山港湾顶处的风暴潮防灾减灾工作。
NO.1409 typhoon ＂Rammasun＂ is the most powerful landing typhoon in Southern China since 1949. Based on the measured data from tidal stations and weather stations in Tieshan Bay, the storm surge characteristics of Tieshan Bay were studied. The results showed that the peak storm surge inside the bay was greater than that outside the bay, and the intensity of peak surge caused by 1409 typhoon reached 200 year return period. The surge in Tieshan Bay first decreased and then increased because wind direction changed. Firstly the offshore wind blew and later changed to onshore wind. Based on MIKE21 and Holland typhoon wind field, two-dimensional storm surge model was established to analyze spatial distribution of maximum storm surge. The model results showed storm surge greatly depended on terrain, and storm surge at the top of the bay was more than 3.2 m and 1.3 m higher than Tieshan bay mouth. More attention should be paid to storm surge disaster prevention and mitigation work at the top of the bay.
出处
《海洋预报》
2016年第1期80-85,共6页
Marine Forecasts
基金
广东海洋大学近海海洋变化与灾害重点实验室开放基金(GLOD1405)
中科院海洋环流与波动实验室开放基金(KLOCAW1406)
海洋二所基本科研业务费专项资金(JG1408)
关键词
台风路径
风暴增水
重现期
风暴潮模型
Typhoon path
storm surge
return period
storm surge model
