广州市居民对精神疾病态度及其影响因素研究

Research on the Public Attitudes towards Mental Illness and Influencing Factors in Guangzhou

为了解广州市居民对精神疾病态度及其影响因素,采用精神卫生知识问卷、贬低/歧视感知量表及与精神疾病接触程度量表对1 088名广州市居民进行问卷调查。调查结果显示,调查对象的贬低/歧视感知量表总得分为(31.57±4.26)分。精神卫生知识问卷得分为14.48分,精神卫生知识知晓率为72.4%,居住在农村、掌握更多精神卫生知识者对患者感知社会歧视更明显,与患者接触程度越高者,歧视态度越低。广州市居民对精神疾病存在消极刻板印象等态度,其态度与其受教育程度,以及与患者接触程度密切相关。

To investigate the public attitudes towards mental illness in Guangzhou and analyze the influencing factors, 1 088 participants in Guangzhou were investigated with Perceived Devaluation-Discrimination Scale （PDDS）, Mental Health Knowledge Questionnaire （MHKQ） and the Level of Familiarity Scale （LOF） by using the convenience sampling method. The results showed that the total score of PDDS was （31.57±4.26）. The average score of the MHKQ was 14.48 and the rate of public awareness of mental health knowledge was 72.4%. Factors influencing the total score of PDDS were mental health knowledge, contact level, residence and occupation. The results also showed that the residents＇ attitudes towards mental illness were negative, which were significantly correlated to their mental health knowledge and contact level.