不同供氮水平对天门冬生长和品质的影响

Effects of different nitrogen levels on growth and quality of Asparagus Cochinchinensis(Lour.) Merr

采用砂培方法研究了不同供氮水平（0、2、4、8、12、16、20 mmol/L）对天门冬农学性状、叶绿素含量和有效成分等生理特性的影响。结果表明,天门冬茎长增长量与供氮水平呈正相关,块根鲜重增长量和叶片叶绿素含量均随供氮水平的增加呈先增加后下降趋势,在供氮水平16 mmol/L时达到最大;游离氨基酸和可溶性糖含量与块根增重量、叶绿素含量的变化规律基本一致,即供氮水平在12~16 mmol/L时含量最高,而皂苷含量在低氮水平时相对较高。总之,氮素营养对天门冬生长和品质影响显著,以食用为主时宜高氮（12~16 mmol/L）栽培,以药用为主时则可适当低氮（2~8 mmol/L）栽培。

The effects of different nitrogen（ N） levels（ 0,2,4,8,12,16,20 mmol / L） on the physiological characteristics of Asparagus Cochinchinensis（ Lour.） Merr were studied using sand culture method. The results showed that stem growth was positively correlated with N levels. The rhizome weight and chlorophyll content increased at firstly,and then decreased with the increasing of N supply,and reached the maximum values at the N level of 16 mmol / L. The amino acids and soluble sugar showed same change trend as the rhizome weight and chlorophyll content,which reached a higher level at 12 ~ 16 mmol / L. As a whole,N nutrient had a significant effect on the growth and quality of Asparagus Cochinchinensis（ Lour.）Merr. High nitrogen cultivation（ 12 ~ 16 mmol / L） was suitable for eating purpose, and appropriate lower nitrogen level（ 2 ~ 8 mmol/L） was suitable for being used as medicine.