番茄秸秆高温堆肥作为番茄育苗基质的循环利用研究

Composting of tomato residues and cow dung under the aerobic condition and its recyclable potential in tomato nursery seedling

以番茄秸秆和牛粪为原料,进行了为期30 d的高温好氧堆肥,探讨番茄秸秆堆肥作为番茄育苗基质的可行性。结果表明,堆体温度55℃以上共计9 d,可有效杀灭致病菌;p H值在微碱性范围内呈先升高后下降的变化趋势;电导率在4~5 m S·cm-1的范围内,呈现先下降后上升的变化过程。堆肥30 d后,C/N由最初的25降低到20以下,发芽指数增加到61%,堆肥基本腐熟。番茄秸秆堆肥与蛭石混配后培育番茄幼苗,从株高、茎粗和壮苗指数等形态指标分析,番茄幼苗均生长良好。综合分析发芽率和壮苗指数等,堆肥与蛭石体积比为1∶4的混配基质育苗效果较好。

In this study,tomato residues and cow dung was composted in high temperature compost system for 30 d,in order to study on the feasibility of tomato residues composting and nursery media in tomato seedling. C / N of initial complex material was 25. The results showed that,the temperature of at least 55℃ maintained for 9 d was enough to kill pathogens.p H showed increased firstly then decreased in a alkalescency. EC rose up firstly and then declined in the range of 4 ~ 5 m S·cm- 1. At the end of composting,the ratio of C / N decreased to under 20,and germination index rose to 61%,which were paralleled to standards of compost maturity. Tomato grew well in the mixtures of tomato residues and vermiculite,based on the morphological indexes,such as plant height,stem diameter and seedling index. A mixed substrate of tomato residues with vermiculite（ 1∶ 4,volume） was the best in tomato seedling.