来自新疆的昆虫病原线虫的鉴定及生物学特性的研究

Identification and Biological Characteristics of Entomopathogenic Nematode Isolated from Xinjiang

通过ITS序列测定,确定了从新疆和田地区间作绿豆的4年枣0-40 cm根际土壤中诱集出的线虫为新疆和田新记录种——嗜菌异小杆线虫,命名为新疆枣绿1409品系Heterorhabditis bacteriophora XJZL1409。为确定其生防潜能,本研究以大蜡螟Galleria mellonella L.4龄末幼虫为寄主,测定其生物学特性。结果表明,该线虫具有较高的侵染力,除剂量10 IJs/larva的校正死亡率为93.33%外,其他剂量浓度的校正死亡率在48 h均已达到100%;该线虫具有较高的耐高温能力,36℃下6 h死亡率仅4.93%,致死高温区36-37℃;该线虫具有较好的耐干燥能力,在25℃、50.5%RH的环境中干燥9 h后,存活率98.82%,复苏后对大蜡螟的致死率仍达到93.33%;该线虫产量3.51×10^5 IJs/g larva。研究表明,该线虫具有生防潜能,作为生物防治制剂更适用于高温干旱地区。

One nematode species was isolated from the rhizosphere soil（0—40 cm） of four-year jujube trees intercropped with mungbean in Khotan, Xinjiang, China. It was identified as Heterorhabditis bacteriophora and was named as XJZL1409 strain by ITS sequences. It is a new record of nematode Heterorhabditis in the region. Biological characteristics studies showed that the strain was of higher infectivity against Galleria mellonella presented by 100% corrected mortality（CM） in all dosages except the dosage of 10 IJs/larva made 93.33% CM at 48 h. Higher temperature tolerance of this nematode was proved by only 4.93% mortality rate at 36 ℃ for 6 h. The high temperature lethal of XJZL1409 was more than 36 to 37 ℃. It was tolerant to desiccation. The survival rate was still 98.82% after 9 h of desiccation at 50.5% RH in 25 ℃ and the infectivity to G. mellonella still kept to 93.33% at 24 h after recovery from the desiccation. The nematode yield was 3.51×10^5 IJs per gram larva. It was concluded that the nematode had a good potential as a bio-control agent especially suitable to high temperature and dry climate areas.