需要认知模型:孤独感研究的新视角

Need Cognitive Model: A New Perspective of Loneliness

局限于人际交往领域的孤独感研究已经不能全面反映现代人的孤独感。本文在回顾国内外孤独感研究的基础上,提出孤独感的需要认知模型。需要认知模型将孤独感的产生扩展到社会生活领域的各个方面,从发展的角度对孤独感的概念、结构、维度、特征、性质和作用进行全面的阐释。基于需要认知模型的孤独感测量不仅可以评估个体的孤独感状况,展示孤独感的特征和变化规律,还可以为孤独感的团体干预和个体辅导提供直接的依据。

The studies on loneliness limited to interpersonal communications can＇ t fully reflect the loneliness of modem people. The arti- cle reviewed the researches of loneliness at home and abroad, put forward and explained the Need Cognitive Model of loneliness. Need Cognitive Model extended the source of loneliness to social life, and explained from a development perspective the loneliness＇ concept, structure, dimensions, characteristics, properties and role. Measurement of loneliness based on the Need Cognitive Model, can not only assess the status of individual loneliness and show the characteristics and laws of loneliness, but also provide the direct basis for group intervention and individual counseling.