桂林市城市居民高血压流行现状及其危险因素分析

Epidemic status and risk factors of hypertension among urban adult residents in Guilin City

目的了解桂林市城市居民高血压流行情况,分析其危险因素,为桂林市高血压综合防治提供科学依据。方法采取多阶段分层随机整群抽样的方法,通过问卷调查和体格检查,对桂林市城区5 197名18岁以上常住居民高血压患病及其危险因素的流行水平进行分析。结果桂林市城市居民高血压患病率为25.07%,标化率为22.76%。高血压知晓率、治疗率、控制率分别为61.16%、53.80%、29.70%。不同年龄、文化程度、婚姻状态患病率差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。多因素非条件logistic回归分析,年龄、经济收入、身体锻炼、超重肥胖、中心性肥胖是高血压的主要影响因素。结论桂林市城市居民高血压患病率处于较高水平,需开展对全人群和高危人群的综合干预。加强对中老年人、超重肥胖、中心性肥胖人群的健康教育,提倡健康的生活方式,对高血压及并发症的防治具有重要意义。

Objective To investigate the prevalence and risk factors of hypertension among urban adult residents in Guilin City so as to provide a scientific basis for comprehensive prevention and control of hypertension in Guilin City. Methods A multi-stage stratified random cluster sampling method was used to select 5,197 urban permanent residents aged ≥18 years in Guilin City. A face- to- face questionnaire survey and physical examination were conducted,and the prevalence of hypertension and its risk factors were analyzed. Results Among the 5,197 residents surveyed,the prevalence rate of hypertension was 25. 07%,and the standardized prevalence rate was 22. 76%. The awareness,treatment and control rates of hypertension were 61. 16%,53. 80%and 29. 70% respectively. There were statistically significant differences in the prevalence rate among residents with different ages,educational backgrounds and marital status（ P〈0.01）. Multivariant unconditional logistic regression analysis showed that age,income,physical exercise,overweight and obesity,and central obesity were the major factors affecting hypertension. Conclusions The prevalence rate of hypertension is high among the urban residents in Guilin City; and hence,it is necessary to conduct comprehensive interventions among the whole population and the high risk group. Strengthening health education among elderly,overweight and obesity,and central obesity groups and promoting a healthy lifestyle are of great significance for prevention and treatment of hypertension and its complications.