促进转移的肿瘤相关免疫细胞与靶向治疗策略

The metastasis-promoting roles of tumor-infiltrating immune cells and potential therapeutic strategies

肿瘤转移受肿瘤细胞自身改变的累积和肿瘤微环境所共同驱动。肿瘤微环境中的免疫相关细胞,尤其是肿瘤相关巨噬细胞(tumor-associated macrophages,TAMs)、骨髓源性抑制细胞(myeloid-derived suppressor cells,MDSCs)、调节性T细胞(regulatory T cells,Treg)等在免疫抑制和促肿瘤转移中举足轻重。肿瘤转移经历免疫逃逸、预转移"壁龛"形成、突破血管内皮至血循环,最终转移至靶器官形成转移灶,每一个步骤都离不开肿瘤细胞与多种免疫细胞相互作用。本文就免疫相关细胞促进肿瘤转移的分子机制作一综述,并探讨靶向肿瘤转移相关免疫细胞的研究策略。

Tumor metastasis is mainly responsible for cancer mortality.It is promoted by both accumulation of intrinsic alterations and interaction of cancer cells with various stromal cells in tumor microenvironment.Tumor-infiltrating immune cells including tumor-associated macrophages（TAMs）,myeloid-derived suppressor cells（MDSCs）and regulatory T cells（Treg）,have been shown to support immune suppression and the metastasis of tumor cells.The dissemination of tumor cells to distant organ sites necessitates a treacherous journey,which requires immune escape,pre-metastatic niche formation,tumor cell egress into blood circulation finally arrival at the target organ and persistent metastatic growth.Each step of tumor metastasis is fostered by the communication between tumor and immune cells.This review focuses on the interactions between tumor cells and tumor-infiltrating immune cells,and potential immune strategies.